Recognizing the widespread consequence of frequent scam calls on consumers, regulators are increasingly implementing new measures designed to restrict these illegal communications. New legislation and regulatory actions emphasize both tracing and punishing perpetrators, while also providing consumers with tools to block unwanted calls. This involve

The emergence of 5G networks brings substantial enhancements in data rates and connectivity. Nevertheless, these advanced capabilities also present new vulnerabilities, particularly concerning the legacy Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) protocol. SS7 attacks can leverage weaknesses in this protocol to intercept sensitive user information, including ca